阅读理解
A
Once upon a time, when you first attended a youth sporting event, your parents probably weren't expecting you to become a professional athlete.They signed up for a basketball, football or swimming course for you in the hope that you might learn lessons about winning gentlemanly, losing with dignity (尊严) and insisting on it when things get hard.Yes, playing games is good exercise, but it is the life lessons that matter most.
For many of us, instead of looking to improve our minds and spirits, we began judging progress only by the size of our muscles or the numbers on a weighing machine.The thought that athletic competition is about greater life lessons and the building of character has been further undermined (削弱) by headlines about professional athletes.
“And yet there's still strong evidence that sports strongly improve certain personal qualities，” says Angela Lumpkin, Professor of the Department of Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences at the University of Kansas.And that's true for athletes of any age.Amateur sports (业余体育运动) provide a safe place for competition.They also provide a practice ground for managing stress.
The advantages of taking part in a sport can seep (渗透) into your professional life, too.In basketball, for example, “Getting everyone to play the right role on the court is the key to success，” says Alan Arlt, the founder of the Life Time Fitness basketball program Ultimate Hoops.“That is certainly useful in the business world, where everyone understands their role in the organization.”“In athletic events, you go through good and bad times often in the period of two hours，” says former NBA head coach Flip Saunders.“Do you have the calm manner to settle yourself down, or do you totally lose it and get thrown out of the game which hurts both you and your team? All of that oncourt experience has a real effect on how you deal with reallife situations.”
语篇解读：参加体育运动不仅是为了强身健体，更重要的是为了提高人的智商和情商。 1．What would parents expect when their children joined in sports? A．To win as many games as possible. B．To improve their health. C．To make more friends.
D．To get through difficulties.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“...in the hope that you might learn lessons about winning gentlemanly, losing with dignity (尊严) and insisting on it when things get hard”可知，家长让孩子参加体育运动是希望孩子在运动的过程中学会如何面对困难。
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．People play sports to build their character.
B．People still hold the idea that sports can keep us fit. C．People keep playing sports to improve minds and spirits. D．People pay more attention to the news of professional athletes.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The thought that athletic competition is about greater life lessons and the building of character has been further undermined (削弱) by headlines about professional athletes.”可知，运动对人性格的培养并没有被大家过多关注，反倒是专业运动员的一些花边新闻引起人们的更多关注。
3．Amateur sports are mentioned in Paragraph 3 in order to ________. A．support Lumpkin's idea B．introduce the next topic C．show another piece of evidence D．show the main idea of the paragraph
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，列举业余运动是为了证明Lumpkin的观点。
4．According to the last paragraph, the sports experience has a real effect on ________.
A．how to succeed in the future
B．how to keep calm in certain situations C．how to deal with reallife situations D．how to understand the role on the court
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“All of that oncourt experience has a real effect on how you deal with reallife situations.”可推知，运动体验对如何处理真实的生活情境有真正的影响。
B
Many people wake up feeling not rested in the morning. And many of us ignore this problem as the day goes on, forgetting that the restlessness we carry throughout the day might have a cause.
We simply do not give ourselves enough of a chance to sleep. A survey of over
74,000 people found that 35 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours per night on average. Even more, the amount of sleep we allow ourselves has changed greatly over the past 15 years.
This lack (缺乏) of sleep can lead to many problems. One study found that simply limiting yourself to six hours of sleep a night for two weeks made performance on a task as poor as if you had stayed up all night on a single night. Now consider ruling out a few things.
If you intend to try extending (延长) your sleep period, consider giving yourself a chance to sleep longer for a full week. My best advice is to try to sleep in for 34 consecutive (连续的) days. Start on the weekend to make it easier. Going to bed earlier doesn't always work, even if you are tired. Your body clock might be programmed in such a way that keeps you from falling asleep quickly, but it might let you sleep in longer.
When you try this, you might find that your problems go away, you feel better, and you wake up feeling more rested. But you might also find that you simply don't need that much sleep and you may have got insomnia (失眠). You might say that this advice is not exactly rocket science, but, given the bad influence of sleeping problems, it might at least be brain science.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。作者在本文告诉我们如果有睡眠问题，可以尝试在某个阶段逼迫自己多睡会。
5．What do many people do with their restlessness? A．They think nothing of it. B．They receive treatment. C．They worry a lot about it. D．They feel hopeless about it.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“And many of us ignore this problem as the day goes on ...”可知，很多人早晨起床觉得没休息好，而大多数人对这个问题也不重视。
6．What is stressed in Paragraph 2? A．What causes sleep problems. B．How serious sleep problems are.
C．How dangerous sleep problems are. D．What to do to avoid sleep problems.
解析：选B 段落大意题。从内容上看，第二段主要用数据说明了人们睡眠时间的减少，说明了睡眠问题的严重性。
7．What are we advised to do to improve our sleep? A．Change our body clock. B．Avoid being tired in the day. C．Force ourselves to sleep more. D．Spend every weekend sleeping.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“... consider giving yourself a chance to sleep longer for a full week”可知，作者建议人们强迫自己一周内多睡觉。
8．What does the author think of his suggestion? A．It is worth trying.
B．It can solve sleep problems. C．It is the best way to keep healthy. D．It will certainly make people feel rested.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“... but, given the bad influence of sleeping problems, it might at least be brain science”可知，作者觉得自己提出的强制睡眠的建议是值得尝试的。
C
I know what you're thinking: Pizza？For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night's leftovers in the morning if you want to.
I know lots of women who skip breakfast, and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.Some say they don't have time, others think they're “saving” calories (卡路里), and still others just don't like breakfast food.
But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you're trying to lose weight.“Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all，” says Katherine Brooking, R．D., who developed the supereasy eating plan for this year's “SELF CHALLENGE”．And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece.
Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories.Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day.Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly
have a morning meal.
So eat something in the morning, anything.I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice.I say, try heating up last night's leftovers — it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow，” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it ... you may save yourself some prebedtime calories.And watch your body gain the fatburning effects.
语篇解读：正在减肥的人们到底应不应该吃早餐？本文说明了吃早餐的重要性。吃早餐对健康有益，同时有助于减肥。
9．The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．remaining food after a meal B．things left undone C．meals made of vegetables D．pizza topped with fruit
解析：选A 词义猜测题。结合最后一段的“... instead of eating more that night”及画线词的构词(left＋over)可推知，该词意为“剩饭菜”。
10．What can we infer from the text?
A．Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B．Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C．There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D．Eating vegetables helps save energy.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段及文章中强调的吃早餐的重要性及不应该不吃早餐可推知，现在很多人对早餐有错误的认识。
11．According to the last paragraph, it is important to ________. A．eat something for breakfast B．be careful about what you eat C．heat up food before eating it D．eat caloriecontrolled food
解析：选A 细节理解题。最后一段第一句话告诉我们：早餐吃什么都可以，但要吃。 12．The text is written mainly for those ________. A．who go to work early B．who want to lose weight C．who stay up late D．who eat before sleep
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句、第四段第一句及最后一段最后两句可推知，本文的主要阅读对象是想要减肥的人们。
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